The term "stroke" refers to a "cerebral vascular catastrophe."

This concept is divided into two categories:

Ischemic stroke (also called cerebral infarction), where it’s assumed that a blockage in a cerebral artery causes a blood supply disruption to a specific brain area, leading to various functional impairments or damage.
Brain hemorrhage (hemorrhagic stroke), where blood leaking from a damaged cerebral artery harms brain tissue.